![]() Until the beginning of the modern neurosciences era. ItsĪnatomy was first described over four centuries ago, but its function remained unclear The hippocampus may be regarded as one of the most studied structures in the brain. Relativamente pequena e ocultada que se tornaria uma das estruturas cerebrais mais Os estudos pioneiros de Arantius e Duvernoy revelaram uma formação Subículo, Arantius e Duvernoy aparentemente descreveram a anatomia macroscópica desteĬomplexo. Considerando a definição daįormação hipocampal como compreendendo a hipocampo propriamente dito, giro denteado e Varolio, Willis e Eustachio, mas não de modo inequívoco. Alguns autores identificaram outrasįiguras e textos, que supostamente antedataram os de Duvernoy, nas obras de Vesalius, Meio século depois da descrição de Arantius. Duvernoy apresentou uma ilustração do hipocampo e estruturas próximas,Ĭonsiderada a primeira, de acordo a maioria dos autores, que apareceu mais de um e Apesar de muitas controvérsias e denominaçõesĪlternativas, o termo hipocampo prevaleceu até os dias atuais como o mais amplamente Arantius foi o primeiro a descrever uma estrutura que designou Os primeiros passos no descobrimento e os principais descobridores do hipocampo sãoĪqui rastreados. Would become one of the most valued brain structures. Studies of Arantius and Duvernoy revealed a relatively small hidden formation that Considering the definition of the hippocampalįormation as comprising the hippocampus proper, dentate gyrus and subiculum, ArantiusĪnd Duvernoy apparently described the gross anatomy of this complex. They claim predate Duvernoy's depiction, in studies by Vesalius, Varolio, Willis, andĮustachio, albeit unconvincingly. Some authors have identified other drawings and texts which The first by most authors, which appeared more than one and a half century afterĪrantius' description. Provided an illustration of the hippocampus and surrounding structures, considered Hippocampus has prevailed until this day as the most widely used term. Despite numerous controversies and alternate designations, the term Arantius was the first to describe a structure he named "hippocampus" or So that, my friend, it will be a blessed hand for her that shall strike the blow that sets her free.The first steps of the discovery, and the main discoverers, of the hippocampus are Instead of working wickedness by night and growing more debased in the assimilating of it by day, she shall take her place with the other Angels. But of the most blessed of all, when this now UnDead be made to rest as true dead, then the soul of the poor lady whom we love shall again be free. And so the circle goes on ever widening, like as the ripples from a stone thrown in the water. For all that die from the preying of the Undead become themselves Undead, and prey on their kind. They cannot die, but must go on age after age adding new victims and multiply-ing the evils of the world. When they become such, there comes with the change the curse of immortality. It is out of the lore and experience of the ancients and of all those who have studied the powers of the UnDead. ‘Before we do any-thing, let me tell you this. In Bram Stoker's novel Dracula, Van Helsing describes the Un-Dead as the following: Most commonly, it is now taken to refer to supernatural beings which had at one point been alive and continue to display some aspects of life after death, but the usage is highly variable. Stoker's use of the term "undead" refers only to vampires the extension to other types of supernatural beings arose later. In one passage, Nosferatu is given as an "Eastern European" synonym for "un-dead". The word does appear in English before Stoker but with the more literal sense of "alive" or "not dead", for which citations can be found in the Oxford English Dictionary. Cornish's to future sciences such as chemical brain preservation and cryonics.īram Stoker considered using the title, The Un-Dead, for his novel Dracula (1897), and use of the term in the novel is mostly responsible for the modern sense of the word. The term is also occasionally used for putative non-supernatural cases of re-animation, from early experiments like Robert E. The undead are featured in the belief systems of most cultures, and appear in many works of fantasy and horror fiction. The undead may be incorporeal like ghosts, or corporeal like vampires and zombies. A common example of an undead being is a corpse reanimated by supernatural forces, by the application of either the deceased's own life force or that of another being (such as a demon). The undead are beings in mythology, legend, or fiction that are deceased but behave as if they were alive.
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